Category Archives: Clock Tutorials

Clock Tutorial #16: Photoperiodism – Models and Experimental Approaches

Clock Tutorial #16:  Photoperiodism - Models and Experimental ApproachesThis post (written on August 13, 2005) describes the basic theory behind photoperiodism and some experimental protocols developed to test the theory.

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Clock Tutorial #15: Seasonality

Clock Tutorial #15:  SeasonalityThis post (click on the icon) was originally written on May 07, 2005, introducing the topic of neuroendocrine control of seasonal changes in physiology and behavior.

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Clock Tutorial #14: Interpreting The Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #14:  Interpreting The Phase Response CurveThis is the sixth post in a series about mechanism of entrainment, running all day today on this blog. In order to understand the content of this post, you need to read the previous five installments. The original of this post was first written on April 12, 2005.

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Clock Tutorial #13: Using The Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #13:  Using The Phase Response CurveThis is the fifth post in a series about mechanism of entrainment. Originally written on April 11, 2005.

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Clock Tutorial #12: Constructing the Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #12:  Constructing the Phase Response CurveThe fourth post in the series on entrainment, originally written on April 10, 2005, explains the step-by-step method of constructing a PRC.

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Clock Tutorial #11: Phase-Shifting Effects Of Light

Clock Tutorial #11: Phase-Shifting Effects Of LightThe third post in the series on entrainment, first written on April 10, 2005, starts slowly to get into the meat of things…As always, clicking on the spider-clock icon will take you to the site of the original post.

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Clock Tutorial #10: Entrainment

Clock Tutorial #10: EntrainmentThis is the second in a series of posts on the analysis of entrainment, originally written on April 10, 2005.

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Clock Tutorial #9: Circadian Organization In Japanese Quail

Circadian Organization In Japanese QuailGoing into more and more detail, here is a February 11, 2005 post about the current knowledge about the circadian organization in my favourite animal – the Japanese quail.

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Clock Tutorial #8: Circadian Organization In Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

Circadian Organization In Non-Mammalian Vertebrates This post was originally written on February 11, 2005. Moving from relatively simple mammalian model to more complex systems.

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Clock Tutorial #7: Circadian Organization in Mammals

Circadian Organization in Mammals This February 06, 2005 post describes the basic elements of the circadian system in mammals.

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Clock Tutorial #6: To Entrain Or Not To Entrain, That Is The Question

 Clock Tutorial #6: To Entrain Or Not To Entrain, That Is The QuestionThis post from February 03, 2005 covers the basic concepts and terms on entrainment. This is also the only blog post to date that I am aware of that was cited in a scientific paper.

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ClockTutorial #5: Circadian Organization

ClockTutorial #5: Circadian Organization
I wrote this post back on February 02, 2005 in order to drive home the point that the circadian clock is not a single organ, but an organ system comprised of all cells in the body linked in a hierarchical manner:

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Clock Tutorial #4: On Methodology

Clock Tutorial #4: On Methodology I wrote this post back on January 23, 2005. It explains how clock biologists think and how they design their experiments:

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Clock Tutorial #3c – Darwin On Time

Darwin On Time This post is a modification from two papers written for two different classes in History of Science, back in 1995 and 1998. It is a part of a four-post series on Darwin and clocks. I first posted it here on December 02, 2004 and then again here on January 06, 2005:

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ClockTutorial #3b – Whence Clocks?

ClockTutorial #3b - Whence Clocks?This post about the origin, evolution and adaptive fucntion of biological clocks originated as a paper for a class, in 1999 I believe. I reprinted it here in December 2004, as a third part of a four-part post. Later, I reposted it here.

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ClockTutorial #3a – Clock Evolution

ClockTutorial #3a - Clock EvolutionThis post, originally published on January 16, 2005, was modified from one of my written prelims questions from early 2000.

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ClockTutorial #2a: Forty-Five Years of Pittendrigh’s Empirical Generalizations

From the Archives
This is the third in the series of posts designed to provide the basics of the field of Chronobiology. This post is interesting due to its analysis of history and sociology of the discipline, as well as a look at the changing nature of science. You can check out the rest of Clock Tutorials here.

Continue reading

ClockTutorial #2: Basic Concepts and Terms

From the Archives
This is the second in the series of posts designed to provide the basics of the field of Chronobiology. See the first part: ClockTutorial #1 – What Is Chronobiology and check out the rest of them here – they will all, over time, get moved to this blog.

Continue reading

ClockTutorial #1 – What Is Chronobiology

ClockWeb%20logo2.JPG This is the first in a series of posts from Circadiana designed as ClockTutorials, covering the basics of the field of Chronobiology. It was first written on January 12, 2005:

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Phase-Response Curves to Melatonin

NBM found an excellent online article (which I have seen before but I forgot) depicting Phase-Response Curves (PRC) to injections of melatonin in humans, rodents and lizards.
melatonin%20PRCs.gif
Note how the shape is roughly opposite to that of a PRC to light pulses, i.e., at phases at which light elicits phase-delays, melatonin produces advances and vice versa:
melatonin-light-PRC%20small.jpg
The lizard PRC was actually constructed in our lab, about ten years before I joined. The article, though, gives the wrong reference to this:
Underwood, H. and M. Harless (1985). “Entrainment of the circadian activity rhythm of a lizard to melatonin injections.” Physiology & Behavior 35(2): 267-70.
In that paper, lizards were entrained by daily melatonin injections. The PRC was reported in a different paper the following year:
H Underwood (1986) Circadian Rhythms in Lizards: Phase Response Curve for Melatonin, Journal of Pineal Research 3 (2), 187-196.
Update: an alert reader sends a better figure, taken from this freely available recent paper:
human%20PRC%20light%20and%20melatonin.jpg

Clock Tutorial #9: Circadian Organization In Japanese Quail

Circadian Organization In Japanese QuailGoing into more and more detail, here is a February 11, 2005 post about the current knowledge about the circadian organization in my favourite animal – the Japanese quail.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #8: Circadian Organization In Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

Circadian Organization In Non-Mammalian Vertebrates This post was originally written on February 11, 2005. Moving from relatively simple mammalian model to more complex systems.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #7: Circadian Organization in Mammals

Circadian Organization in Mammals This February 06, 2005 post describes the basic elements of the circadian system in mammals.

Continue reading

ClockTutorial #5: Circadian Organization

ClockTutorial #5: Circadian Organization
I wrote this post back on February 02, 2005 in order to drive home the point that the circadian clock is not a single organ, but an organ system comprised of all cells in the body linked in a hierarchical manner:

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #16: Photoperiodism – Models and Experimental Approaches

Clock Tutorial #16:  Photoperiodism - Models and Experimental ApproachesThis post (written on August 13, 2005) describes the basic theory behind photoperiodism and some experimental protocols developed to test the theory.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #15: Seasonality

Clock Tutorial #15:  SeasonalityThis post (click on the icon) was originally written on May 07, 2005, introducing the topic of neuroendocrine control of seasonal changes in physiology and behavior.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #14: Interpreting The Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #14:  Interpreting The Phase Response CurveThis is the sixth post in a series about mechanism of entrainment, running all day today on this blog. In order to understand the content of this post, you need to read the previous five installments. The original of this post was first written on April 12, 2005.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #13: Using The Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #13:  Using The Phase Response CurveThis is the fifth post in a series about mechanism of entrainment. Originally written on April 11, 2005.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #12: Constructing the Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #12:  Constructing the Phase Response CurveThe fourth post in the series on entrainment, originally written on April 10, 2005, explains the step-by-step method of constructing a PRC.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #11: Phase-Shifting Effects Of Light

Clock Tutorial #11: Phase-Shifting Effects Of LightThe third post in the series on entrainment, first written on April 10, 2005, starts slowly to get into the meat of things…As always, clicking on the spider-clock icon will take you to the site of the original post.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #10: Entrainment

Clock Tutorial #10: EntrainmentThis is the second in a series of posts on the analysis of entrainment, originally written on April 10, 2005.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #6: To Entrain Or Not To Entrain, That Is The Question

 Clock Tutorial #6: To Entrain Or Not To Entrain, That Is The QuestionThis post from February 03, 2005 covers the basic concepts and terms on entrainment. This is also the only blog post to date that I am aware of that was cited in a scientific paper.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #4: On Methodology

Clock Tutorial #4: On Methodology I wrote this post back on January 23, 2005. It explains how clock biologists think and how they design their experiments:

Continue reading

ClockTutorial #2a: Forty-Five Years of Pittendrigh’s Empirical Generalizations

From the Archives
This is the third in the series of posts designed to provide the basics of the field of Chronobiology. This post is interesting due to its analysis of history and sociology of the discipline, as well as a look at the changing nature of science. You can check out the rest of Clock Tutorials here.

Continue reading

ClockTutorial #2: Basic Concepts and Terms

From the Archives
This is the second in the series of posts designed to provide the basics of the field of Chronobiology. See the first part: ClockTutorial #1 – What Is Chronobiology and check out the rest of them here – they will all, over time, get moved to this blog.

Continue reading

Basics: Biological Clock

Basics: Biological ClockConsidering I’ve been writing textbook-like tutorials on chronobiology for quite a while now, trying always to write as simply and clearly as possible, and even wrote a Basic Concepts And Terms post, I am surprised that I never actually defined the term “biological clock” itself before, despite using it all the time.
Since the science bloggers started writing the ‘basic concepts and terms’ posts recently, I’ve been thinking about the best way to define ‘biological clock’ and it is not easy! Let me try, under the fold:

Continue reading

ClockTutorial #1 – What Is Chronobiology

ClockWeb%20logo2.JPG This is the first in a series of posts from Circadiana designed as ClockTutorials, covering the basics of the field of Chronobiology. It was first written on January 12, 2005:

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #3c – Darwin On Time

Darwin On Time This post is a modification from two papers written for two different classes in History of Science, back in 1995 and 1998. It is a part of a four-post series on Darwin and clocks. I first posted it here on December 02, 2004 and then again here on January 06, 2005:

Continue reading

Basics: Biological Clock

Considering I’ve been writing textbook-like tutorials on chronobiology for quite a while now, trying always to write as simply and clearly as possible, and even wrote a Basic Concepts And Terms post, I am surprised that I never actually defined the term “biological clock” itself before, despite using it all the time.
Since the science bloggers started writing the ‘basic concepts and terms’ posts recently, I’ve been thinking about the best way to define ‘biological clock’ and it is not easy! Let me try, under the fold:

Continue reading

(Non) Adaptive Function of Sleep

(Non) Adaptive Function of SleepFrom November 01, 2005, a review of a review…

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Clock Tutorial #16: Photoperiodism – Models and Experimental Approaches

Clock Tutorial #16:  Photoperiodism - Models and Experimental ApproachesThis post (written on August 13, 2005) describes the basic theory behind photoperiodism and some experimental protocols developed to test the theory.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #15: Seasonality

Clock Tutorial #15:  SeasonalityThis post (click on the icon) was originally written on May 07, 2005, introducing the topic of neuroendocrine control of seasonal changes in physiology and behavior.

Continue reading

Downloadable Database of Phase Response Curves

Downloadable Database of Phase Response CurvesThis April 16, 2005 post gives you links to further online resources and literature on entrainment and Phase-Response Curves, as well as a link to a database of PRCs so you can play with them yourself.

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Clock Tutorial #14: Interpreting The Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #14:  Interpreting The Phase Response CurveThis is the sixth post in a series about mechanism of entrainment, running all day today on this blog. In order to understand the content of this post, you need to read the previous five installments. The original of this post was firt written on April 12, 2005.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #13: Using The Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #13:  Using The Phase Response CurveThis is the fifth post in a series about mechanism of entrainment. Orignally written on April 11, 2005.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #12: Constructing the Phase Response Curve

Clock Tutorial #12:  Constructing the Phase Response CurveThe fourth post in the series on entrainment, originally written on April 10, 2005, explains the step-by-step method of constructing a PRC.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #11: Phase-Shifting Effects Of Light

Clock Tutorial #11: Phase-Shifting Effects Of LightThe third post in the series on entrainment, first written on April 10, 2005, starts slowly to get into the meat of things…As always, clicking on the spider-clock icon will take you to the site of the original post.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #10: Entrainment

Clock Tutorial #10: EntrainmentThis is the second in a series of posts on the analysis of entrainment, originally written on April 10, 2005.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #6: To Entrain Or Not To Entrain, That Is The Question

 Clock Tutorial #6: To Entrain Or Not To Entrain, That Is The QuestionThis post from February 03, 2005 covers the basic concepts and terms on entrainment.

Continue reading

Clock Tutorial #9: Circadian Organization In Japanese Quail

Circadian Organization In Japanese QuailGoing into more and more detail, here is a February 11, 2005 post about the current knowledge about the circadian organization in my favourite animal – the Japanese quail.

Continue reading